Sunday, February 19, 2017

Perush Yeshaya 48

The fragment Yeshaya 48 verses 1-11.

שִׁמְעוּ-זֹאת בֵּית-יַעֲקֹב, הַנִּקְרָאִים בְּשֵׁם יִשְׂרָאֵל, וּמִמֵּי יְהוּדָה, יָצָאוּ; הַנִּשְׁבָּעִים בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה, וּבֵאלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל יַזְכִּירוּ--לֹא בֶאֱמֶת, וְלֹא בִצְדָקָה. כִּי-מֵעִיר הַקֹּדֶשׁ נִקְרָאוּ, וְעַל-אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל נִסְמָכוּ: יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת, שְׁמוֹ. הָרִאשֹׁנוֹת מֵאָז הִגַּדְתִּי, וּמִפִּי יָצְאוּ וְאַשְׁמִיעֵם; פִּתְאֹם עָשִׂיתִי, וַתָּבֹאנָה. מִדַּעְתִּי, כִּי קָשֶׁה אָתָּה; וְגִיד בַּרְזֶל עָרְפֶּךָ, וּמִצְחֲךָ נְחוּשָׁה. וָאַגִּיד לְךָ מֵאָז, בְּטֶרֶם תָּבוֹא הִשְׁמַעְתִּיךָ--פֶּן-תֹּאמַר עָצְבִּי עָשָׂם, וּפִסְלִי וְנִסְכִּי צִוָּם. שָׁמַעְתָּ חֲזֵה כֻּלָּהּ, וְאַתֶּם הֲלוֹא תַגִּידוּ: הִשְׁמַעְתִּיךָ חֲדָשׁוֹת מֵעַתָּה, וּנְצֻרוֹת וְלֹא יְדַעְתָּם. עַתָּה נִבְרְאוּ וְלֹא מֵאָז, וְלִפְנֵי-יוֹם וְלֹא שְׁמַעְתָּם--פֶּן-תֹּאמַר, הִנֵּה יְדַעְתִּין. גַּם לֹא-שָׁמַעְתָּ, גַּם לֹא יָדַעְתָּ--גַּם, מֵאָז לֹא-פִתְּחָה אָזְנֶךָ: כִּי יָדַעְתִּי בָּגוֹד תִּבְגּוֹד, וּפֹשֵׁעַ מִבֶּטֶן קֹרָא לָךְ. לְמַעַן שְׁמִי אַאֲרִיךְ אַפִּי, וּתְהִלָּתִי אֶחֱטָם-לָךְ--לְבִלְתִּי, הַכְרִיתֶךָ. הִנֵּה צְרַפְתִּיךָ, וְלֹא בְכָסֶף; בְּחַרְתִּיךָ, בְּכוּר עֹנִי. לְמַעֲנִי לְמַעֲנִי אֶעֱשֶׂה, כִּי אֵיךְ יֵחָל; וּכְבוֹדִי, לְאַחֵר לֹא-אֶתֵּן

The first verse appeared in our list. The English Standard Version is as follows:

Hear this, O house of Jacob, who are called by the name of Israel, and who came from the waters of Judah, who swear by the name of the Lord and confess the God of Israel, but not in truth or right. For they call themselves after the holy city, and stay themselves on the God of Israel; the Lord of hosts is his name. “The former things I declared of old; they went out from my mouth, and I announced them; then suddenly I did them, and they came to pass. Because I know that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew and your forehead brass, I declared them to you from of old, before they came to pass I announced them to you, lest you should say, ‘My idol did them, my carved image and my metal image commanded them.’ “You have heard; now see all this; and will you not declare it? From this time forth I announce to you new things, hidden things that you have not known. They are created now, not long ago; before today you have never heard of them, lest you should say, ‘Behold, I knew them.’ You have never heard, you have never known, from of old your ear has not been opened. For I knew that you would surely deal treacherously, and that from before birth you were called a rebel. “For my name’s sake I defer my anger; for the sake of my praise I restrain it for you, that I may not cut you off. Behold, I have refined you, but not as silver; I have tried you in the furnace of affliction. For my own sake, for my own sake, I do it, for how should my name be profaned? My glory I will not give to another.

The bold sections show that the prophet knew the old story of the birth of Ya'akov and Esav, the story that now appears in Bereshit 38, but with the names changed to Peretz and Zarach. The prophet meant that Ya'akov's name and perfidious nature were decided by his iniquitous deeds in his mother's womb (Yair Zakovitch, Va'yavo Ya'akov Shalem). The rebel will deal treacherously, and therefore is treated in the same fashion by Hashem. The rebel will yet rule over the correct land, but the land is only a symbol. Ya'akov may be treacherous as a child, for about the child it says: "You have never heard, you have never known, from of old your ear has not been opened." As an adult, though, he does hear, he does know, his ear will be opened. In the end of days, the science of Torah provides the tools for analyzing Scripture. Yisrael will become adult, and reject the childhood. He will accept and acknowledge the truth, and so proclaim the absolute Truth, and vindicate Hashem. "For my own sake, for my own sake, I do it, for how should my name be profaned? My glory I will not give to another."